Original 1939 posterKeep Calm and Carry On was a produced by the in 1939 in preparation for. The poster was intended to raise the of the British public, threatened with widely predicted mass air attacks on major cities. Although 2.45 million copies were printed, and although did in fact take place, the poster was only rarely publicly displayed and was little known until a copy was rediscovered in 2000 at, a bookshop in. It has since been re-issued by a number of private companies, and has been used as the decorative theme for a range of products.Evocative of the Victorian belief in British stoicism – the ', self-discipline, fortitude, and remaining calm in adversity – the poster has become recognised around the world. It was thought that only two original copies survived until a collection of approximately 15 was brought in to the in 2012 by the daughter of an ex- member. A few further examples have come to light since.
'Your Courage' (reconstruction)The Keep Calm and Carry On poster was designed by the during the period of 27 June to 6 July 1939. It was produced as part of a series of three 'Home Publicity' posters (the others read ' Your Courage, Your Cheerfulness, Your Resolution Will Bring Us Victory' and ' Freedom Is in Peril / Defend It With All Your Might'). Each poster showed the slogan under a representation of a ' (a symbol of the state). They were intended to be distributed to strengthen morale in the event of a wartime disaster, such as mass bombing of major cities using high explosives and poison gas, which was widely expected within hours of an outbreak of war.A career civil servant named A.
Shockproof Impact Hard Soft Case Cover for Samsung Galaxy Keep Calm Ok Not That Calm Nurse Paramedic Medical EKG (Fuchsia, for Samsung Galaxy S10) $14.99 $ 14. $5.95 shipping. Keep Calm And OK Not That Calm Funny Medical ECG PopSockets Grip and Stand for Phones and Tablets. The 42 Puzzle is a game devised by Douglas Adams in 1994 for the United States series of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy books. The puzzle is an illustration consisting of 42 multi-coloured balls, in 7 columns and 6 rows.
Waterfield came up with 'Your Courage' as 'a rallying war-cry that will bring out the best in everyone of us and put us in an offensive mood at once'. Others involved in the planning of the early posters included:, at, responsible overall as Director of Home Publicity; William Surrey Dane, managing director at;, former head of publicity for the; William Codling, controller of;, MP; W.
Vaughan, who became Director of the General Production Division (GPD); H. Rhodes, who later wrote an occasional paper on setting up a new government department;; 'Mr Cruthley'; and 'Mr Francis'. Was the artist tasked with creating the poster designs.Detailed planning for the posters had started in April 1939 and the eventual designs were prepared after meetings between officials from the and on 26 June 1939 and between officials from the and on 27 June 1939.
Roughs of the poster were completed on 6 July 1939, and the final designs were agreed by the Home Secretary on 4 August 1939. Printing began on 23 August 1939, the day that Nazi Germany and the USSR signed the, and the posters were ready to be placed up within 24 hours of the outbreak of war.The posters were produced in 11 different sizes, ranging from 15 × 10 inches (38 × 25 cm) up to large 48-sheet versions. The background colour was either red or blue.
The lettering was probably hand-drawn by Wallcousins: it is similar, but not identical, to such as and.Almost 2,500,000 copies of Keep Calm and Carry On were printed between 23 August and 3 September 1939 but the poster was not sanctioned for immediate public display. It was instead decided that copies should remain in 'cold storage' for use after serious air raids (with resources transferred to Your Courage and Freedom is in Peril). Copies of Keep Calm and Carry On were retained until April 1940, but stocks were then pulped as part of the wider campaign. A very few copies do appear to have been displayed, but such instances were rare and unauthorised: an October 1940 edition of the reports the poster hung in a shop in; while a photograph discovered in 2016 shows it on the wall of a government laboratory in.The remainder of the publicity campaign was cancelled in October 1939 following criticism of its cost and impact. Many people claimed not to have seen the posters; while those who did see them regarded them as patronising and divisive. Design historian Susannah Walker regards the campaign as 'a resounding failure' and reflective of a misjudgement by upper-class civil servants of the mood of the people. Later developments.
'Keep Calm' merchandise, including the original slogan and variants such as 'Keep Calm and Drink Tea', 2013In late May and early June 1941, 14,000,000 copies of a leaflet entitled 'Beating the Invader' were distributed with a message from Prime Minister. The leaflet begins 'If invasion comes.' And exhorts the populace to 'Stand Firm' and 'Carry On'. The two phrases do not appear in one sentence, as they applied to different segments of the population depending on their circumstances, with those civilians finding themselves in areas of fighting ordered to stand firm (i.e., stay put) and those not in areas of fighting ordered to carry on (i.e., continue vital war work). Each mandate is identified as a 'great order and duty' should invasion come. The leaflet then lists 14 questions and answers on practical measures to be taken.
Rediscovery and commercialisation. Poster discovered at Barter BooksIn 2000, Stuart Manley, co-owner with his wife Mary of Ltd. In, Northumberland, was sorting through a box of second-hand books bought at auction when he uncovered one of the original 'Keep Calm and Carry On' posters. The couple framed it and hung it up by the cash register; it attracted so much interest that Manley began to produce and sell copies.
In late 2005, journalist Susie Steiner featured the replica posters as a Christmas gift suggestion, raising their profile still further. Other companies followed the Manleys' example, and the design rapidly began to be used as the theme for a wide range of products. Mary Manley later commented, 'I didn't want it trivialised; but of course now it's been trivialised beyond belief.' In early 2012, Barter Books debuted an informational short film, The Story of Keep Calm and Carry On, providing visual insight into the modernisation and commercialisation of the design and the phrase.The poster has become an evocation of British stoicism: the ', self-discipline, fortitude and remaining calm in adversity.
Susannah Walker comments that it is now seen 'not only as a distillation of a crucial moment in Britishness, but also as an inspiring message from the past to the present in a time of crisis'. She goes on to point out, however, that such an interpretation overlooks the circumstances of its production, and the relative failure of the campaign of which it formed a part. Trademark claims. This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( March 2015)In August 2011, it was reported that a UK-based company called Keep Calm and Carry On Ltd (managed by entrepreneur Mark Coop) had registered the slogan as a in the EU, CTM No: 009455619, and in the United States, No. 4066622, after failing to obtain its registration as a trademark in the United Kingdom.
The company issued a take-down request against a seller of Keep Calm and Carry On products. The company's right to claim the trademark was questioned by, among others, the Manleys of Barter Books, as the slogan had been widely used before registration and was not recognisable as indicating trade origin.An application was submitted by British intellectual property advisor and UK trademarking service Trade Mark Direct to cancel the registration on the grounds that the words were too widely used for one person to own the exclusive rights, but the request for cancellation was rejected and the trade mark is still protected in all EU countries. The company subsequently tried to register the slogan as its trademark in both the United States and Canada. Imitations.
'Keep Calm and Candy On' painted on boards covering smashed windows of a in Birmingham during theAs the popularity of the poster in various media has grown, innumerable parodies, imitations and co-optations have also appeared, making it a notable. Messages range from the cute to the overtly political. Examples have included 'Now Panic and Freak Out' (with an upside-down crown), 'Get Excited and Make Things' (with a crown incorporating ), 'Keep Calm and Have a Cupcake' (with a icon), 'Don't Panic and Fake a British Accent', 'Keep Spending and Carry On Shopping', 'Keep Calm and Don't Sneeze' during the, 'Keep Calm and Call Batman' (with the Batman logo), and 'Keep Calm and Switch to Linux' (with ).In March–April 2012, the British pop-rock band undertook a theatre tour entitled ', promoted with a poster closely based on that of 1939. In late 2012 and early 2013, the 'Save Lewisham Hospital' campaign (a protest against proposed cuts in services at ) made widespread use of a poster with the slogan 'Don't Keep Calm Get Angry and Save Lewisham A&E'. The efforts of, mayor of, Alberta, Canada, to encourage and motivate his citizens in the wake of the made him the subject of parody 'Keep Calm and Nenshi On' fundraising T-shirts. Gallery.
Slocombe, Richard (2010). British Posters of the Second World War. London: Imperial War Museum. P. 6. ^ Lewis, Rebecca, PhD (5 April 2009). Keep Calm and Carry on and other Second World War Posters: British Home Front Propaganda Posters of the Second World War. Archived from on 2 April 2015.
Retrieved 4 February 2013. Hughes, Stuart (4 February 2009).
2 October 2016. Slack, Chris (23 February 2012).
Retrieved 13 May 2012. Lewis 2017, p. 63. ^ Irving, Henry (27 June 2014). History of Government Blog. Retrieved 27 June 2014. Lewis 2017, pp.
45–6. Lewis 2017, pp. 42, 44, 47. Lewis 2017, p. 47. Lewis 2017, p.
53. Kominek, Lex. Retrieved 28 September 2014. Lewis 2017, pp. Retrieved 28 September 2014. For distinctive features, see for example the terminals of the 'C'. Lewis 2017, pp.
22 October 1940. Retrieved 17 November 2014. Sawer, Patrick; Hooley, Paul (30 October 2016). Retrieved 5 October 2018. Lewis 2017, pp.
52–57. (20 July 2011). Walker 2012, pp.6–7. Perth, WA, Australia. 14 November 2011.
Manley, Stuart (25 April 2009). Retrieved 20 August 2018. Lewis 2017, p.
Retrieved 4 May 2013. on. ^ Walker 2012, p. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
Bustillos, Maria (5 October 2011). Archived from on 1 March 2016. ^ Phillips, Jeremy (22 August 2011). IPKitten blog.
^ Rayner, Gordon (24 September 2011). London. ^ Lewis 2017, pp. 22 September 2010.
Retrieved 22 September 2011. August 2011.
Freelanceuk.com. Lewis 2017, p. Official Gazette. 20 September 2011. 13 October 2011. Cite journal requires journal=. (5 July 2009).
Retrieved 21 March 2012. Lewis 2017, p. 66. Chris Begley (9 July 2013). Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Archived from on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2014. Little, Mandy (21 December 2012). South London Press. Archived from on 28 September 2013.
Retrieved 27 January 2013. Save Lewisham Hospital campaign.
Retrieved 27 January 2013. Dean Bennett (28 June 2013). Retrieved 24 February 2014.Further reading. Clampin, David (2009). ' 'To Guide, Help and Hearten Millions': the place of commercial advertising in wartime Britain, 1939–1945'. 29 (1): 58–73. Inkster, Nigel; Nicoll, Alexander (2010).
'Keep Calm and Carry On'. Survival: Global Politics and Strategy. 52 (2): 249–256. Lewis, Bex (2012). 'The Renaissance of 'Keep Calm and Carry On '.
2: 7–23. Lewis, Bex (2017). Keep Calm and Carry On: The Truth Behind the Poster. London:. Walker, Susannah (2012). Home Front Posters of the Second World War.
Oxford: Shire.External links., (January 2019).
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